[VIDEO] How New York City Housing Actually Worked

This documentary delves into the historical evolution of housing in New York City, tracing its roots from modest Dutch settlements to the dense metropolis it became. It explains how the 1811 Manhattan grid system initially spurred the popularity of efficient row houses, but a population boom, fueled by the completion of the Erie Canal in 1825, led to severe overcrowding. Property owners began to maximize profits by subdividing existing buildings into tiny, airless, and windowless apartments, known as tenements. These "lung blocks," notorious for spreading diseases like tuberculosis, starkly contrasted with the spacious, light-filled homes of the wealthy elite just a few streets away. The video highlights how reformer and photographer Jacob Riis exposed these squalid conditions, leading to public outcry and the eventual passage of the Tenement House Acts in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which mandated improvements like running water, indoor toilets, and windows in every room. While many old tenements were torn down, some still stand today, adapted into small studios, reflecting a continuous, albeit less visible, divide in the city's housing landscape.